Storage devices and media multiple choice questions mcq1. The history of computer data storage, in pictures pingdom royal. The new record of 201 gbin2 gigabits per square inch in areal density was achieved on a prototype sputtered magnetic tape developed by sony storage media solutions. It uses a long strip of narrow plastic film with tapes of thin magnetizable coating. Magnetic storage device one of the most popular types of storage used. These dots are created, read and erased using magnetic fields created by. Optical media, such as cds and dvds, have practically replaced cassette tapes for portable audio storage. Magnetic tape data storage is a system for storing digital information on magnetic tape using digital recording. Hard drive an internal hard drive is the main storage device in a computer. Paul, mn, helps clarify longterm storage requirements for magnetic media and provides guidance on how to care for these media to maximize their life expectancies.
Media destruction guidance national security agency. In this chapter, you will learn about the many types. This type of technology stores binary code using polar alignments on the magnetic medium and can. Tape media generally has a favorable unit cost and a long archival stability. Storage magnetic storage in old computers, magnetic storage was also used for primary storage in a form of magnetic drum, or core memory, core rope memory, thin film memory, twistor memory or bubble memory. In the early days, when disk storage was small and expensive, magnetic tapes were used for data processing as well as storage. Magnetic tape a sequence of bits 1s and 0s is stored on magnetic tape.
American federation of information processing societies. Explain different types of storage devices perfect computer. Feb 22, 2017 poulsens device recorded a signal on a wire wrapped around a drum. Computer and now most audio and video magnetic storage devices record digital data. This type of tape is usually used by mainframe computers. However, the loss of, or the destruction of, vital data files and programs stored on computer magnetic media such as tapes cap result in extremely senious and. Poulsens device recorded a signal on a wire wrapped around a drum.
Magnetic tape storage and handling a guide for libraries. Processing was batch sequential on a job byjob basis. Two main categories of storage technology used today are magnetic storage and optical storage. As the tape passes the head, bits of data are read from or written onto the tape. A magnetic tape drive is a storage device that makes use of magnetic tape as a medium for storage. Usb flash drives are storage devices that can store any type of data, including photos, video, documents, and various other types of data. Magnetic tape data storage is typically used for offline, archival data storage. On the other hand, books have virtually maintained the same format for centuries, have almost exclusively used ink on paper as the information storage medium. Compact audio cassette are one example of magnetic tape storage devices. Both technologies operate on the same basic principles, which have been in use for over 60 years. A directaccess storage device dasd is another name for secondary storage devices that store data in discrete locations with a unique address, such as hard disk drives, optical drives and most magnetic storage devices. Sony and ibm shatter magnetic tape storage density record. Optical media stores data for long periods, and provides convenient viewing. Magnetic tape storage is often the forgotten or ignored peripheral device until the first disk crash or virus infection.
It is a technology and term coined for storage devices that ibm developed for use with. At first, the tapes were wound in wheellike reels, but then cassettes and. A cd drive can be installed inside a computers compartment, provided with an opening for easier disc tray access or it can be used by a peripheral device connected to one of the ports provided in the computer system. It is made of plastic coated with magnetic material. Magnetic storage is one of the most affordable ways to store large amounts of data and has been implemented using magnetic tape, floppy disks and hard disk drives.
Early magnetic storage devices were designed to record analog audio signals. Often files or records are stored on a tape in a particular order e. Magnetic tapes and cdrom estimating tape length requirements performance of tape drives can be measured in terms of 3 quantities. Early data processing systems used magnetic tape as the principal storage medium for large data files. These dots are created, read and erased using magnetic fields created by very tiny electromagnets. Data is stored on the magnetic plastic in the form of 1s and 0s binary numbers. It is slower device than magnetic disk or optical disk. Care and handling of computer magnetic storage media. Initially, large open reels were the most common format, but modern magnetic tape is most commonly packaged in cartridges and cassettes, such as the widely supported linear tape open lto. The mechanism much be such as to guide the tape passed by the magnetic heads with great precision, maintain propoer tension and have sufficient tape to magnetic head contact. It is a technology and term coined for storage devices that ibm developed for use with mainframe computers and some microcomputers.
A magnetic tape, in computer terminology, is a storage medium that allows for data archiving, collection, and backup. Unlike modern computers, magnetic tape was also often used for secondary storage. Because locating data on a tape takes a long time, magnetic tapes are not used as general purpose storage devices. Chapter 8 secondary storage 8introduction data storage has expanded from text and numeric files to include digital music files, photographic files, video files, and much more. Storing data on magnetic tape might seem more antique than cutting edge, but with more data in the world than ever, it could still be one of the most energy efficient and secure storage methods we. Reel to reel large reels of tape which must be loaded into a reeltoreel tape drive.
The magnetic disk is a fixed storage device whereas optical disk is transportable storage media which is removable. The tapes were metal and 1200 feet long 365 meters and therefore very heavy. Cd, dvd and bluray media let users watch videos and view photos on streaming devices, computers and capable tvs. Difference between magnetic disk and optical disk with. Storage involves writing data to the medium and reading from the medium. In 1928, fritz pfleumer developed the first magnetic tape recorder. A floppy disk drive spins at 360 revolutions per minute rpm, so its relatively slow. Aug 02, 2018 key differences between magnetic disk and optical disk.
Tape density 6250 bpi bits per inch per track tape speed 200 inches per second ips size of interblock gap 0. Hard drive storage is quite different from magnetic tape, though both of them are usually used for backup solutions. Magnetic tapes magnetic tapes characteristics of magnetic tapes data organization on 9track tapes estimating tape length requireme slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The sample rate used in the magnetic disk is lower than used in the optical disk. A compact disc drivecdd is a device that a computer uses to read data that is encoded digitally on a compact disccd. The hard disk drive is the main, and usually largest, data storage device in a computer. These new types of files require secondary storage devices with much greater capacity than floppy disks. A guide for libraries and archives bogart, john van 695, 34 pp.
The following sections will help summarise each of the. A tape drive is a data storage device that reads and writes data on a magnetic tape. Most digital archivesfrom music to satellite images to research files are currently saved on magnetic tape. The benefits and pitfalls of each make them best suited to different situations, however.
Some common magnetic storage systems are hard drives, floppy disks, and cassette tapes. Click the images to the left to move to more information about each one. This device connects to the computer using the usb port. Because it is a serial access medium, accessing individual files on a tape is very slow. In this post i have updated some important questions with their answer as a mcq format or quiz format for your upcoming competitive examinations. The tape drive reads and writes information as a pc backup device and secures it on magnetic tape for extended periods. Writing data a recording the data on the surface of the disk where it is stored for later use. The effective transfer rate for the uniservo was about 7,200 characters per second. Transfer files between computersdevices magnetic storage media devices store data in the form of tiny magnetised dots. The device that reads the tape is the tape drive or tape unit. A tape unit consists of the storage medium a spool of magnetic material formed into a tape, access electronics, and mechanical components see figure 2. Apr 12, 2019 magnetic tape was first used for data storage in 1951.
Types of storage devices physical components or materials on which data is stored are called storage media. Hardware components that readwrite to storage media are called storage devices. Magnetic tape is a storage medium that has provided a viable option for storing, archiving, or backing up data from large computer systems. In a tape, the logical position of a byte within a file is the. A piece of data that can be transferred between cpu and backing store as a single unit is called a. A typical process would include reading data in from a set of punched cards.
A floppy disk is so called because it consists of a flexible sheet of plastic, coated with iron oxide a magnetizable material. Data is stored on magnetic tape in the form of magnetic spots. The tape transport mechanism moves the tape below the head at constant speed without any strain, distrortion or wear. Purpose of storage devices a to hold data even when the computer is turned off so the data can be used whenever needed. Hard drive storage vs magnetic tape data recovery blog. Tape is often paired with object storage to address the need for lowerlatency file access. To access the data, the tape is unwound from one reel to another. A tape drive provides sequential access storage, unlike a hard disk drive, which provides direct. Magnetic tape is a thin strip of magnetic coated plastic which is wrapped onto a reel. In the case of magnetic tape the dots are arranged along the length of a long plastic strip which has been coated with a magnetisable layer audio and video tapes. Because oil exploration occurs outside the data center, tape is a good medium to transport data back from the field. Storage devices and media multiple choice questions.
Optical disk generates better signaltonoise ratio as compared to magnetic disk. If this is the case then the tape is described as having sequential access. Cartridges the tape is supplied in a small cartridge rather like a music tape. Igcse ict magnetic storage devices media igcse ict. Magnetic tape is one of the oldest technologies for electronic data storage. These practice sets will be very useful for ssc, cgl, chsl, mts, ias, upsc or other government job exams. In the case of the minicartridge units, additional software is used to format the tape into tracks and sectors so that it emulates a floppy disk drive with a. Magnetic tape information storage provides a lowcost, highdensity storage medium for lowaccess or slowaccess data. An external hard drive is also known as removable hard drive. Ibm press room ibm research scientists have achieved a new world record in tape storage their fifth since 2006. Magnetic storage devices store data by magnetizing particles on a disk or tape. The tape device was called uniservo and was the main io device on the univac i computer. Though cassette tapes dont work with computers, they use the same technology.
Its been around for a hundred years or so, starting. Unless otherwise specified by the appropriate is security officer or equivalent, declassified magnetic tapes may be released for disposal or recycling only after sanitization procedures and a. Initially, large open reels were the most common format, but modern magnetic tape is most commonly packaged in cartridges and cassettes such as the widely supported linear tapeopen lto. Magnetic storage media and devices store data in the form of tiny magnetised dots. Anything stored on a storage medium, such as a program, document. Initially, large open reels were the most common format, but modern magnetic. Magnetic storage media uses a magnatised surface area in order to hold bits of information. Introduction to computer information systemsstorage.
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